Let us say that you initially borrowed $400,000 to purchase a home. And let us say that over time, you paid off $300,000 of that loan. That means you still owe $100,000 on your house. In a cash-out refinance, you can borrow up to 80% of the original $400,000 that you borrowed to purchase the home. 80% of $400,000 is $320,000 that is available to be borrowed. Now let us say that you borrowed the full $320,000 in a cash-out refinance. Remember you still owe $100,000. Therefore, a portion of the $320,000 that you took out will go to paying off the remaining balance ($100,000). That will leave you with $220,000 in cash to consolidate debt or put into the house for renovations.